Gut microbe-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide as cardiovascular risk biomarker: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

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Abstract

Aims

Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is emerging as a new potentially important cause of increased cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to systematically estimate and quantify the association between TMAO plasma levels, mortality, and major adverse cardio and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).